fluid bearing

 A fluid bearing uses a thin film of liquid or gas to support a load between two surfaces, eliminating direct contact and friction to allow for low friction, high loads, and long lifespans. There are two main types: hydrodynamic bearings, which use the relative motion of the surfaces to pressurize the fluid film, and hydrostatic bearings, which use an external pump to pressurize the fluid. They are often used in high-speed or high-precision applications, such as in computer cooling fans, where standard ball bearings would have a shorter life.  

You can watch this video to learn how fluid bearings work:
ypes of fluid bearings
  • Hydrodynamic bearings: 
    These are self-acting bearings that rely on the rotation of the shaft to create pressure. The relative motion of the surfaces drags the fluid into a wedge-shaped gap, generating pressure to support the load. 
  • Hydrostatic bearings: 
    These bearings use an external pump to continuously supply fluid under pressure to the bearing surfaces. The pressurized fluid creates a stable film that separates the surfaces, even when there is no motion. 
Key characteristics and benefits
  • Low friction: 
    The fluid film separates the moving parts, eliminating sliding friction and resulting in significantly lower friction than solid-contact bearings. 
  • Long operational life: 
    With no physical contact during operation, there is minimal wear, which can lead to a very long lifespan, sometimes lasting decades if properly designed and maintained. 
  • High load capacity: 
    They can support heavy loads because the fluid film can generate high pressure. 
  • High precision: 
    Fluid bearings are often used in applications that require high accuracy and control. 
  • Reduced noise and vibration: 
    They can operate more quietly and smoothly compared to other types of bearings, especially at high speeds. 

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